{"id":7522,"date":"2019-08-29T02:51:38","date_gmt":"2019-08-29T02:51:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/phelieu247.com\/?p=7522"},"modified":"2020-02-20T14:55:30","modified_gmt":"2020-02-20T07:55:30","slug":"kim-loai-kem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/phelieu247.com\/en\/kim-loai-kem\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00ednh Ch\u1ea5t V\u00e0 C\u00f4ng D\u1ee5ng C\u1ee7a Kim Lo\u1ea1i K\u1ebdm"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p>

<\/p>\n

K\u1ebdm (Zn) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kim lo\u1ea1i d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t v\u1edbi v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng sinh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.\u00a0\u1ede nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng, k\u1ebdm gi\u00f2n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng xanh, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t k\u1ebft th\u00fac s\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t\u00a0kim lo\u1ea1i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n\u00a0, k\u1ebdm ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ea1\u00a0th\u00e9p\u00a0, m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kim lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i\u00a0s\u1ef1 \u0103n m\u00f2n\u00a0kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n\u00a0.\u00a0Nh\u01b0ng h\u1ee3p kim c\u1ee7a k\u1ebdm, bao g\u1ed3m\u00a0\u0111\u1ed3ng thau\u00a0, r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, t\u1eeb c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee5.<\/p>\n

\"T\u00ednh<\/p>\n

T\u00ednh Ch\u1ea5t V\u1eadt L\u00fd C\u1ee7a Kim Lo\u1ea1i K\u1ebdm<\/strong><\/p>\n

+ \u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n :<\/strong>\u00a0K\u1ebdm l\u00e0 kim lo\u1ea1i y\u1ebfu c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda so v\u1edbi th\u00e9p cacbon nh\u1eb9.\u00a0N\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u01a1 kh\u00ed r\u1ebb ti\u1ec1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00fac t\u1eeb k\u1ebdm.<\/p>\n

+ \u0110\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo\u00a0dai\u00a0:\u00a0<\/strong>K\u1ebdm nguy\u00ean ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ec5 g\u00e3y, nh\u01b0ng\u00a0h\u1ee3p kimk\u1ebdmth\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n va \u0111\u1eadp cao so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p kim \u0111\u00fac kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

+ \u0110\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo\u00a0:<\/strong>\u00a0Trong kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 212-302\u00a0o<\/sup>\u00a0F k\u1ebdm tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ebbo v\u00e0\u00a0d\u1ec5 u\u1ed1n\u00a0, nh\u01b0ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao s\u1ebd tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i gi\u00f2n.\u00a0M\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa, h\u1ee3p kim k\u1ebdm c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y so v\u1edbi kim lo\u1ea1i nguy\u00ean ch\u1ea5t, cho ph\u00e9p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

+ \u0110\u1ed9 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n\u00a0:\u00a0<\/strong>\u0110\u1ed9 d\u1eabn\u00a0c\u1ee7a k\u1ebdm l\u00e0 v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi kim lo\u1ea1i.\u00a0Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 t\u1ed1t trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u1ea1 \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 pin ki\u1ec1m<\/p>\n

L\u1ecbch S\u1eed C\u1ee7a Kim Lo\u1ea1i K\u1ebdm<\/strong><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m h\u1ee3p kim k\u1ebdm nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady t\u1eeb n\u0103m 500 tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 k\u1ebdm l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed1 \u00fd th\u00eam v\u00e0o\u00a0\u0111\u1ed3ng\u00a0\u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed3ng thau<\/strong> v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng 200-300 tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean.\u00a0\u0110\u1ed3ng thau b\u1ed5 sung \u0111\u1ed3ng trong th\u1eddi \u0110\u1ebf ch\u1ebf La M\u00e3 trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ti\u1ec1n xu, v\u0169 kh\u00ed v\u00e0 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, v\u00e0 v\u1eabn l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a k\u1ebdm cho \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1746 khi Andreas Sigismund Marggraf c\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh c\u00f4 l\u1eadp nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 tinh khi\u1ebft.\u00a0B\u1edfi v\u00ec \u00f4ng m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, k\u1ebdm \u0111\u00e3 s\u1edbm c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

\"L\u1ecbch<\/p>\n

Alessandro Volta \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra pin \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1800 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 k\u1ebdm, m\u1edf ra m\u1ed9t k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n.\u00a0\u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1837, Stanislas Sorel \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm, m\u1ea1 \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, theo t\u00ean Luigi Galvani, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng ho\u1ea1t h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n trong khi kh\u00e1m nghi\u1ec7m \u1ebfch.\u00a0M\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm, m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 cat\u1ed1t, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a k\u1ebdm nguy\u00ean ch\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

K\u1ebdm Tr\u00ean Th\u1ecb Tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kim lo\u1ea1i k\u1ebdm<\/strong><\/a> ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb \u200b\u200bqu\u1eb7ng ch\u1ee9a k\u1ebdm sulfide, k\u1ebdm h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p ho\u1eb7c sphalerite.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia\u00a0khai th\u00e1c v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t k\u1ebdm tinh ch\u1ebf nh\u1ea5t\u00a0, theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n, l\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Peru, \u00dac, Hoa K\u1ef3 v\u00e0 Canada.\u00a0Theo\u00a0Kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t \u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t Hoa K\u1ef3\u00a0, kho\u1ea3ng 13,4 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n k\u1ebdm c\u00f4 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai th\u00e1c v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2014, v\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 36% trong t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1.<\/p>\n

Theo T\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ch\u00ec v\u00e0 k\u1ebdm qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, kho\u1ea3ng 13 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n k\u1ebdm \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p trong n\u0103m 2013 trong m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm, \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p kim \u0111\u1ed3ng, h\u1ee3p kim k\u1ebdm, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u00fac ch\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

K\u1ebdm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao d\u1ecbch tr\u00ean LME d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng “C\u1ea5p cao \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t” v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u 99,995% trong c\u00e1c th\u1ecfi 25 t\u1ea5n.<\/p>\n

H\u1ee3p Kim C\u1ee7a K\u1ebdm Th\u00f4ng Th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/strong><\/p>\n

+ \u0110\u1ed3ng thau:<\/strong>\u00a03-45% Zn t\u00ednh theo tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.\u00a0\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee5, van v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n

+ B\u1ea1c niken:<\/strong>\u00a020% Zn t\u00ednh theo tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.\u00a0\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho v\u1ebb ngo\u00e0i b\u1ea1c s\u00e1ng b\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong \u0111\u1ed3 trang s\u1ee9c, \u0111\u1ed3 d\u00f9ng b\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1c, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee5.<\/p>\n

\"H\u1ee3p<\/p>\n

+ H\u1ee3p kim diecasting k\u1ebdm:<\/strong>\u00a0> 78% tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.\u00a0Th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf (\u00edt h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m) Pb, Sn, Cu, Al v\u00e0 Mg \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh diecasting v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc.\u00a0\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng nh\u1ecf ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng trong m\u00e1y.\u00a0H\u1ee3p kim r\u1ebb nh\u1ea5t trong s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kim lo\u1ea1i n\u1ed3i v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u thay th\u1ebf r\u1ebb ti\u1ec1n cho th\u00e9p.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 Th\u1eadt Th\u00fa V\u1ecb V\u1ec1 Kim Lo\u1ea1i K\u1ebdm<\/strong><\/p>\n

K\u1ebdm r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu mua k\u1ebdm ph\u1ebf li\u1ec7u<\/strong><\/a> nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n. K\u1ebdm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong h\u01a1n 300 enzyme; Thi\u1ebfu k\u1ebdm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1961. Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i K\u1ebdm Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u1eb1ng k\u1ebdm r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u1ebf b\u00e0o th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh s\u1ea3n, ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch, v\u1ecb gi\u00e1c v\u00e0 kh\u1ee9u gi\u00e1c, l\u00e0n da kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 th\u1ecb l\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed3ng xu Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u1edbi l\u00f5i k\u1ebdm bao g\u1ed3m 98% tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.\u00a02% c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 l\u1edbp m\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ea1 \u0111i\u1ec7n.\u00a0L\u01b0\u1ee3ng\u00a0\u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng xuc\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u1ebfu Kho b\u1ea1c Hoa K\u1ef3 cho r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang qu\u00e1 \u0111\u1eaft \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.\u00a0C\u00f3 t\u1edbi hai t\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ed3ng xu l\u00f5i k\u1ebdm \u0111ang l\u01b0u h\u00e0nh \u1edf M\u1ef9!<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n
<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
\n
<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
\n
<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
\n
<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
\n
<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
\n
\n
<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
\n
<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
\n
<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
\n
<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
\n
<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n <\/span>\n <\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language. K\u1ebdm (Zn) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kim lo\u1ea1i d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t v\u1edbi v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng sinh … Continue reading T\u00ednh Ch\u1ea5t V\u00e0 C\u00f4ng D\u1ee5ng C\u1ee7a Kim Lo\u1ea1i K\u1ebdm<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7526,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7522","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/phelieu247.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7522","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/phelieu247.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/phelieu247.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phelieu247.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phelieu247.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7522"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/phelieu247.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7522\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8370,"href":"https:\/\/phelieu247.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7522\/revisions\/8370"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phelieu247.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7526"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/phelieu247.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7522"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phelieu247.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7522"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phelieu247.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7522"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}